“[In Luke 16.23] Jesus uses a word to describe hell [Hades] that is different from the word he has always used to speak of judgment and hell [Gehenna], which leads one to think that it is a borrowed story and a borrowed word.”[1]
Gehenna as Judgment
ESV Matthew 5:22 But I say to you that everyone
who is angry with his brother will be liable to judgment; whoever insults his brother will be liable to the council; and whoever says, 'You fool!' will be liable
to the fire of Gehenna.
ESV Matthew 5:29-30 If your right eye causes you to sin, tear it out and throw it away. For
it is better that you lose one of
your members than that your whole body be thrown
into Gehenna.
ESV Matthew 10:28 And do not fear those who kill
the body but cannot kill the soul. Rather fear him who can destroy both soul and body in Gehenna.
ESV Matthew 18:9 And if your eye causes you to sin, tear it out and throw it away. It
is better for you to enter life with
one eye than with two eyes to be thrown
into the fire of Gehenna.
ESV Matthew 23:15 Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you travel
across sea and land to make a single proselyte, and when he becomes a
proselyte, you make him twice as much a child of Gehenna as yourselves.
ESV Matthew 23:33 You serpents, you brood of
vipers, how are you to escape being sentenced
to Gehenna?
ESV Mark 9:43 And if your hand causes you to
sin, cut it off. It is better for you to enter
life crippled than with two hands to go to Gehenna, to the unquenchable fire.
ESV Mark 9:45 And if your foot causes you to
sin, cut it off. It is better for you to enter
life lame than with two feet to be thrown
into Gehenna.
ESV Mark 9:47 And if your eye causes you to
sin, tear it out. It is better for you to enter
the kingdom of God with one eye than with two eyes to be thrown into Gehenna,
ESV Luke 12:5 But I will warn you whom to
fear: fear him who, after he has killed, has authority to cast into Gehenna. Yes, I tell you, fear him!
Hades as the Grave/Sheol
ESV Matthew 11:23
And you, Capernaum, will you be exalted to heaven? You will be brought down to Hades. For if the mighty works done
in you had been done in Sodom, it would have remained until this day.
ESV Matthew 16:18
And I tell you, you are Peter, and on this rock I will build my church, and the gates of Hades shall not prevail against it.
[cp. Job 17.13-16; Isa 38.10 “gates
of Sheol”]
ESV Luke 10:15
And you, Capernaum, will you be exalted to heaven? You shall be brought down to Hades.
[1] Dr. T.S. Warren II,
Dead Men Talking, pp 36-40.
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